Nowadays, the only new worlds yet to be discovered are in outer space. Scroll down for the quiz! There is an invisible force protecting us, keeping our atmosphere in place. Without it, life on Earth would be over very quickly. Take a deep breath. We take 23, breaths a day; trying to get oxygen to our brain and cells. Oxygen is essential to our survival. Would you ever venture into the ocean if you knew this creature could be lurking beneath you? Millions of years ago, the megalodon shark was one of the scariest creatures to ever lurk in our seas.
And even before that, the mosasaurs reigned supreme, terrorizing In the time it would take you to order an extra larger everything pizza and have it delivered to your front door you could theoretically jump through that tunnel This is the world million years ago.
No cell phones, electricity or even other humans. Would you be able to survive in this new world? Could you get yourself a pet All over the world, people are treating bodies of water like they are giant garbage dumps. And experts say that continuing these practices will result in catastrophic What do you say we try to survive on an Earth They suck your blood and spread disease, killing nearly one million people each year.
Are we talking about vampires? But how were they then? Sacrificially religious and canibalistically warmongering? I am not sure we can really tell. North America was unconnected with the rest of humanity for thousands of years. Any new visitors from Europe, Asia, Africa, etc. We offer three passages for discussion. The first passage is a series of three short excerpts in which the priests describe how the Powhatan reacted to their arrival and to the return of de Velasco, whom they had not seen in nine years.
It seems that at first the Powhatan welcomed both their brother and the Jesuits. The Jesuits hoped that they could convert the Powhatan and establish a foothold in the region that might eventually lead to the conversion of what they thought was China. These excerpts reveal the importance of food in drawing Indians to visit the mission. The third passage foreshadows the trouble that may be brewing and can be used to raise directly the question of what happened between the Jesuits and their Powhatan hosts.
What conflicts could such trade cause? Ask your students to develop their own narratives. You can help them with these speculations:. If students are frustrated with the lack of information, let them know that it is acceptable to make educated guesses based on the little evidence we have. If we want to know anything about Indians before the nineteenth century and we do! One of the points of this lesson is to teach students to be ethno-historians, to try to discern the motives and actions of people who did not leave written records.
In addition, with this text you can help students see that mutual misperceptions and misunderstandings of things like language, expectations, and cultural practices could doom a colony just as effectively as famine could. This lesson is divided into two parts, both accessible below. Because Father de Sugura had seen how soldiers undermined the work of missionaries in Florida, he forbade them to accompany his small band.
The Indians spoke an Algonquian language and were ancestors of the Powhatan, whom the English founders of Jamestown met in We do not know what they called themselves in , and their seventeenth-century name may have come from the name of their leader at that time.
For clarity in this lesson we will call them Powhatan. As you analyze the text, keep in mind that these Indians existed in a culture all their own. A Spanish slaving ship had captured a young man from this tribe in In his nine years away from home, he was baptized into the Catholic faith, christened with the new name Luis de Velasco we do not know what he called himself , and traveled to Spain, where he met the king.
While in Spain, de Velasco said that he wanted to go home and convert his people to Christianity. About five months later de Velasco and the Powhatan slaughtered eight of the missionaries. To help sort out the voices in the letter, note that the first five paragraphs were written by Father de Quiros. Paragraphs six and seven were written by Father de Segura, and the final three paragraphs are again the work of Father de Quiros. In what condition were the Powhatan when the Spanish arrived?
What might they have thought he and the Spanish could do for them? The fact that he has returned is a good sign. Kidnapped years earlier, he was probably given up for dead, and this is a return from the dead. They hope he and the Spanish can relieve their famine.
How might they affect Governor de Hinistrosa? They would have encouraged the priests in their efforts to Christianize the natives.
The translation would have encouraged the Governor to send supplies to the colony in order to aid the efforts of the priests to Christianize the natives. What might the Powhatan have meant? The priests might have understood it to mean that the Powhatan wanted to become Catholic like de Valasco. The Powhatan may have believed that de Velasco was dead, as he had been gone so long. They may have meant that they wanted to be strong in the face of the Spanish. At this early stage, why might the Powhatan have wanted the priests to remain with them?
If they see the priests as a means to receive food and relief they want them to stay close. Also the priests are easier to control or eliminate if they remain with the Powhatan. This would have encouraged the Governor to send supplies to the colony in order to further the ability of the priests to Christianize the natives. Most of you have "heard" me say this before, but the OP rather assumes that American Indians were more-or-less a single, monolithic society with common thoughts, beliefs, social structures, religions, etc.
For that matter, we still aren't! This is much like assuming that all Western Europeans form a single culture. As we all know, that isn't true either. If no white people were here; maybe the Japanese and Chinese woulda taken over? Tho many Navajo DO look Japanese. American Indians are Asian background as it is. Well if the Europeans wont then other powers at the time would such as the Ottoman empire or Chinese empire.
They never had guns and due to that they would have no real match due to foreign invasions. The Industrial Revolution would certainly have, eventually, brought industrialized societies to all parts of the globe, and quickly subdued and dominated the non-industrialized indigenous population. A century after Columbus, nobody had gotten around to North America yet, but eventually, they did. And Africa a century after that, and Australia another century later, but sooner or later, nobody would be spared.
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