Construct validity is about ensuring that the method of measurement matches the construct you want to measure. If you develop a questionnaire to diagnose depression, you need to know: does the questionnaire really measure the construct of depression?
To achieve construct validity, you have to ensure that your indicators and measurements are carefully developed based on relevant existing knowledge. The questionnaire must include only relevant questions that measure known indicators of depression. The other types of validity described below can all be considered as forms of evidence for construct validity.
To produce valid results, the content of a test, survey or measurement method must cover all relevant parts of the subject it aims to measure.
If some aspects are missing from the measurement or if irrelevant aspects are included , the validity is threatened. A mathematics teacher develops an end-of-semester algebra test for her class. The test should cover every form of algebra that was taught in the class. Similarly, if she includes questions that are not related to algebra, the results are no longer a valid measure of algebra knowledge.
Scribbr Plagiarism Checker. Face validity considers how suitable the content of a test seems to be on the surface. You review the survey items, which ask questions about every meal of the day and snacks eaten in between for every day of the week. On its surface, the survey seems like a good representation of what you want to test, so you consider it to have high face validity.
However, it can be useful in the initial stages of developing a method. Criterion validity evaluates how well a test can predict a concrete outcome, or how well the results of your test approximate the results of another test.
Criterion variables can be very difficult to find. To evaluate criterion validity, you calculate the correlation between the results of your measurement and the results of the criterion measurement. Sign up Forgot password. Leave this field blank :. Search over articles on psychology, science, and experiments. Search form Search :. Reasoning Philosophy Ethics History. Psychology Biology Physics Medicine Anthropology.
Martyn Shuttleworth Here is an overview on the main types of validity used for the scientific method. Don't miss these related articles:. Let's take a look on the the most frequent uses of validity in the scientific method:.
Back to Overview "Validity and Reliability". Next Article » "External Validity". Full reference:. Being a subjective measure, face validity is usually referred to as the weakest type of validity.
Although, it can play a key role in the foundational stages of creating a method. Criterion validity plays a crucial role in evaluating the relativity of your test results, i.
A criterion can be defined as an external measurement of a similar thing. In other words, it is a widely popular and established test that has been considered valid already. In case you get a high correlation, this will indicate that your test is actually measuring what it is supposed to measure. For example, a school teacher develops a new test for measuring the English writing abilities of the students.
When the same students participate in both of the tests, the results are compared. If the outcomes come out to be similar, the new test is considered to have a high criterion validity. Explore Voxco Survey Software. Retail Customer Experience Trends in ———.
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