As the Mentos candy sinks in the bottle, the candy causes the production of more and more carbon dioxide bubbles, and the rising bubbles react with carbon dioxide that is still dissolved in the soda to cause more carbon dioxide to be freed and create even more bubbles, resulting in the eruption. The trick works with any carbonated beverage. It works with regular cola, orange soda, root beer, etc. However, you can use seltzer water very easy cleanup or any soda.
Put a card under the roll and on top of the bottle top, so you can pull the card and the candies will just drop in at once. Drop all of the Mentos into the bottle at the same time and then move out of the way just as quick as you can. Watch the eruption! In the case of the baking soda volcano, carbon dioxide is formed when sodium bicarbonate reacts with an acid. On the other hand, when you drop a Mentos candy into a bottle of cola, the carbon dioxide gas was already present in the soda to begin with, yet it seems to suddenly erupt.
The experiment involves something that you can do with soda that will not rot your teeth, unless you decide to drink Diet Coke combined with Mentos candy. Transform an ordinary day into an extraordinary one by combining Diet Coke and Mentos to create a spectacular soda fountain. Drop a few Mentos into a two-liter bottle of soda, and a geyser of foam erupts rapidly, sometimes reaching heights of 15 feet or more. First made famous by chemistry teacher Lee Marek on the Letterman show in , the phenomena sparked hundreds of homed videos and an episode of Discovery Channel's "Mythbusters.
The bubbles in a bottle of soda are caused by molecules of dissolved carbon dioxide. Generally, water molecules like to stay next to each other, which prevents any dissolved gases from collecting. However, when offered a surface, called a nucleation site, dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide can gather, eventually forming a bubble. The sides of a bottle serve this purpose.
When the bubble gets big enough, it breaks surface tension with the side of the bottle and floats up. For all the liquid to leave through the opening, the upstream pressure then also has to increase, redirecting the flow of the Coke upwards and — you know the rest: explosion.
There are many other factors that can affect the height of a soda fountain when Mentos react with Coca-Cola, such as the viscosity of the liquid and presence of other chemicals in the mixture. For instance, if citric acid is added to a soda mixture, the fountain height will actually increase to up to six times its normal height.
Aside from the microscopic structures on the outside of the Mentos shells, there are several chemicals that make Coca-Cola explode in this way. These chemicals are found in the shell itself as well as in the soda mixture, and they contribute to the formation of pressurised foam. Here are some of the chemicals that make up the shell:.
These ingredients act as surfactants and help accelerate the release of carbon dioxide gas. Surfactants lower the surface tension between two liquids, a liquid and a solid, or between a gas and a liquid.
So, when a Mento is dropped into some Coke, the acidity of the soda mixture quickly dissolves its shell, releasing the chemicals.
Their surfactant properties then lower the surface tension of the Coke, which breaks apart the water molecules and, in doing so, allows carbon dioxide bubbles to form more readily. With this in mind, the chemicals in Mentos also serve as foaming agents by facilitating the rapid release of CO 2 gas.
Various types of carbonated beverages react differently with Mentos: Seltzer water has the weakest reaction while, very specifically, Diet Cherry Dr. How much liquid is left in the bottle? Is it more or less than the amount that was left when you used whole candies? If you videotaped the reactions, you can watch your videos now.
What do you notice from the videos? Use a tape measure and blue painter's tape to mark off the height from the top of the bottle in meters. Then repeat this activity three times, with the bottle in front of the tape-marked wall, video taping it each time.
When you review the recordings, use slow motion and pause the recording when the spout is at its maximum height. Using the tape marks in the background, estimate the height of the spout. Calculate the average height of the fountains for the whole and for the crushed Mentos. What is the difference in height of the eruptions? You can try testing different kinds of carbonated beverages, different kinds of candies with different shapes and textures or using other things to start the reaction, like rock salt, pennies or dice.
Which beverages, candies or other things cause the largest and smallest fountains? Why do you think this is? Does temperature affect the eruption height? Observations and results Was the eruption higher when whole Mentos candies were used compared with crushed candies? Was less Diet Coke left in the bottle after the reaction with the whole candies compared with the crushed ones?
In the Diet Coke bottle the Mentos candy provides a rough surface that allows the bonds between the carbon dioxide gas and water to break more easily, helping to create carbon dioxide bubbles.
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